Gyratory crusher



United States Patent O 3,417,932 GYRATORY CRUSHER Warren R. Patterson, Brookfield, Wis., assignor to Allis- Chalmers Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis. Filed Mar. 28, 1966, Ser. No. 537,868 3 Claims. (Cl. 241-208) ABSTRACT 0F THE DISCLOSURE A spiderless gyratory crusher having a hydraulically adjustable crusher head wherein said crusher head is supported by a hydraulically, operable crusher post slidably mounted within the crusher frame. A step bearing assembly is provided between the crusher post and crusher head so that a rotating eccentric member directly gyrates the crusher head and not the crusher post. A lubricating fluid inlet port passes through the crusher frame to an annular fluid chamber about the crusher post7 and an outlet port is provided through the crusher post to the step bearing assembly.

This invention relates generally to gyratory Crushers. More specifically, this invention relates to a spiderless gyratory crusher having a hydraulically operated crusher post with a step bearing assembly on top thereof, to provide a hydraulically adjustable inner crushing member having optimum support characteristics and no uneven loading on the crusher post.

ln many gyratory crushers of the prior art, adjustment of the crusher opening was effected by providing a mechanically adjustable, spring mounted overhanging concave ring which could be raised or lowered relative to the inner crushing member. Such adjustment mechanisms on the uppermost extremities of the crusher, however, have greatly complicated the frame and external structure of the crusher and require shutdown and a substantial amount of time to make the adjustment. These disadvantages are overcome by gyratory crushers wherein the cone, or inner crushing member, is adjusted `by hydraulic means so that the overhanging concave ring will remain fixed and free of mechanical adjustment mechanisms. Thus, in such gyratory Crushers, adjustment is effected quickly by hydraulically raising or lowering the inner crushing member relative to a fixed overhanging concave ring.

Gyratory Crushers of the spiderless type, wherein the uppermost end of the crusher post is not supported by the crusher superstructure, have not been particularly amenable to hydraulically adjustable inner crushing members. By eliminating the lateral support from the upper end of the crusher post, the lower end thereof must be provided with all the lateral support resulting in a cantilever type post mounting. Since a step bearing is usually provided at the lower end of the crusher post in addition to the base support structure, the inclusion of any hydraulic means for lifting or lowering the crusher post greatly complicates the resulting structure. Furthermore, in the typical gyratory crusher the upper end of the crusher post is rigidly fixed to the crushing cone with the step bearing assembly disposed at the base of the crusher post. By this arrangement, the eccentric mem- 'ber directly gyrates the crusher post to impart the crushing action to the inner crushing member. Therefore, since the crusher post is not laterally supported at its upper end in a spiderless crusher, the post is subjected to extensive uneven loading in use. That is to say, when the crusher post is gyrating, the lateral forces resulting from the crushing action will tend to deect the unsupported upper end of the post. Thus, if the crusher post is hydraulically operated, it may become bent so that it will not slide back into the base support member.

3,417,932 Patented Dec. 24, 1968 ICC This invention is predicated upon my conception and development of a spiderless gyratory crusher having a hydraulically operated crusher post which is not gyrated and is not subjected to any lateral or transverse forces. The step .bearing assembly is disposed at the top of the crusher post Ibetween the post and the conical crusher head, while the eccentric acts directly on the crusher head. Therefore, the hydraulically operated crusher post experiences only the lvertical lifting force of the hydraulic support and the vertically downward forces and Component forces acting on the crusher head.

Accordingly, it is a primary object of this invention to provide a new and improved hydraulically adjustable, spiderless, gyratory crusher having a nongyrating hydraulically supported crusher post with no lateral or transverse loading thereon.

It is another primary object of this invention to provide a spiderless gyratory crusher having a hydraulically adjustable inner crushing member with optimum support characteristics.

It is still another primary object of this invention to provide a spiderless gyratory crusher having a hydraulically adjustable inner crushing member operated by a hydraulically supported crusher post which remains stationary during the operation of the crusher to be free of any lateral or transverse loading.

These and other objects and advantages are fuliilled by this invention as will become apparent from a full understanding of the following detailed description, especially when considered in conjunction with the attached drawing `which is a sectional elevation of a spiderless gyratory crusher utilizing one embodiment of this invention.

Referring to the drawing, one preferred embodiment of this invention comprises a base frame housing 10 having a drive housing portion 11 and a cylindrical hub portion 12 extending vertically therefrom at a right angle to the drive housing 11. A sleeve shaped outer frame structure 13 having a flange 14 is concentrically disposed around the cylindrical hub 12 and is secured to the base frame housing 10 by a plurality of radial support struts 37 and `by the drive housing 11. A concave upper frame structure 15 having a flange 16 is secured horizontally to the sleeve frame 13 at flange 14 -by any means such as a plurality of bolts 17. A removable overhanging concave ring 1S is secured horizontally within the concave upper frame 15 concentrically above the hub 12 by any means such as a plurality of bolts 19.

A cylindrical crusher post 20 having a ange or head portion 21 at the upper end thereof, is concentrically and slidably fitted within the cylindrical hub 12 on the base frame structure 10 and projects vertically upward into the space delined by the concave ring 18. The lower end of crusher post 10 is secured to a piston 22 which is slidably tted within cylinder 23 in the lower portion of the base frame housing 10. A cylinder head 24, provided with a hydraulic fluid inlet 25, is secured over the lower cylinder opening by any means such as bolts 26. Circular bearings and seals 27 are provided at the upper and lower extremities of the bore through cylindrical hub 12 to slidably support the crusher post 20 within the hub 12, and to form an annular lluid chamber 28 between the hub 12 and the crusher post 20. A fluid passage means, such as tube 29 is provided to communicate between the annular chamber 28 and the upper surface of the head 21. A second uid passage means such as bore 30, extends from the annular chamber 28 to a point outside the -base frame housing 10.

A removable intermediate washer 31, having a hole 32 through the axial center thereof, is disposed on top of head 21 and held in lplace by any means such as lip 27 at the outer periphery of head 21. A pressure bearing 34, having a convex upper surface and a hole 35 through the axial center thereof, slidably rests upon the washer 31. A second pressure bearing 36 having a complementary concave lower surface mates with the pressure bearing 34. to form a step bearing assembly. Such step bearing assemblies are well known in the crusher art and need not be further detailed here.

A conical crusher head 40, having a cylindrical skirt portion 41 extending downward from the outer periphery thereof, rests upon a support lug 42 which is secured to the upper pressure bearing 36. A conical crusher Wearing `mantle 43 rests squarely over the conical surface of crusher head 4t) and is held in place by any means such as nut 44.

An annular eccentric member 45, having a ring gear 46 secured to the lower end thereof, is rotatably mounted over the cylindrical hub 12 of the base frame housing 10, and rests against a circular pressure bearing 47 secured to the base frame 10. A first bushing 49 is disposed between the eccentric member 45 and the hub 12 to facilitate rotation of the eccentric 45 on hub 12. The outer circumference of the eccentric 45 mates with the inner circumference of the skirt 41 on crusher head 40. Accordingly, a second bushing 48 is disposed therebetween to facilitate rotation of the eccentric 45 within the skirt 41.

A drive shaft 50, rotatably extending through the drive housing 11 on base frame 10, has a pinion gear 51 secured to the inside end thereof. The pinion gear 51 is in meshing engagement with the ring gear 46. Thus, a rotary power source (not shown) acting on shaft 50 can rotate the pinion gear 51 and in turn rotate the ring gear 46 and eccentric 45 about the hub 12. Rotation of the eccentric 45, within the skirt 41 on crusher head 40, will cause the crusher head 40 and wearing mantle 43 thereon to gyrate relative to ring 1S as necessary for the crushing action.

A fluid outlet or overflow such as bore 55 is provided to communicate between the chamber 56, which houses the ring gear 46 and pinion gear 51, and outer portion of the base frame housing 10.

Suitable dust seal means, such as dust ring 57 slidably secured to extension sleeve 58 on the base frame 10 and operating in a suitable groove 59 on the crusher head 40, will keep crushed material and dust out of the chamber 56 and away from all internal bearing and gear surfaces.

To place-the crusher in a condition for operation, a hydraulic lubricating fluid must be pumped through the bore 30 and into the annular chamber 28. From the annular chamber 28, the fluid lubricant is forced through tube 29 and hole 32 in washer 31 and hole 35 in pressure bearing 34. The fluid will then pass between the washer 31 and convex pressure bearing 34 and between convex pressure bearing 34 and concave pressure bearing 36 to completely lubricate the step bearing assembly. Subsequently, the fluid will be forced downward lubricating the bushings 48 and 49 in contact with the rotatable eccentric 45. Then the fluid is collected in chamber 56 to lubricate the ring gear 46 and pinion gear 51, and the pressure bearing 47. Excess lubricant will flow out of chamber 56 through overflow 55, where it may be collected by -any means, not shown, and recirculated.

Another hydraulic fluid is pumped through inlet 25 in cylinder head 24 and into the lower portion of cylinder 23 to raise the piston 22, crusher post 20, step bearing assembly crusher head 40 and wearing mantle 43 to the desired position of adjustment.

Crushing can then be commenced upon rotation of shaft 50 which will in turn cause the conical wearing mantle 43 to gyrate relative to the Overhanging concave ring 18.

As rock is crushed between the Wearing mantle 43 and the overhanging ring 1S, the forces acting against the mantle 43 are acting diagonally downward perpendicular to the conical surface of mantle 43. Any and all lateral component forces are countered by the eccentric 45 and hub 12. against the head skirt 41. The downward component forces are applied at the top of the crusher post 20, and are countered by the lifting force of the hydraulic cylinder 23 applied at the bottom of the crusher post 20. Thus, the only forces acting on the crusher post 20 are directly in line vertically and in opposite directions. Accordingly, there are no transverse or lateral forces acting on the crusher post 20 which would tend to tilt or bend the post. Without such lateral forces, the crusher post can be easily raised and lowered by the hydraulic action of the fluid in cylinder 23.

It should be apparent that many modifications could be made in the crusher detailed above without departing from the basic concept of this invention. Accordingly, this invention should not be limited to the details given herein but may be modified within the scope of the appending claims.

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows.

I claim:

1. In a spiderless gyratory crusher having a frame, l

a vertical crusher post slidably supported by said frame so as to provide an annular fluid chamber therebetween, an overhanging concave ring horizontally supported in a fixed position within the upper portion of said frame concentrically above said crusher post, a crusher head mounted on top of said crusher post with a step bearing assembly therebetween and disposed within the space defined by the concave ring, a hydraulically operated piston assembly supporting the lower end of said crusher post within the frame to provide for vertical movement of said crusher post and crusher head to vary the opening defined between said concave ring and said crusher head, means for gyrating the crusher head relative to the concave ring and crusher post, means for admitting a fluid lubricant to the annular chamber between the crusher post and the supporting frame, and means for conveying said fluid lubricant from said annular fluid chamber to the axis of said step bearing assembly.

2. The spiderless gyratory crusher as defined in claim 1 wherein a pair of cylindrical bearing seals are axially disposed around said crusher post intermediate between said crusher post and said frame to define said annular fluid chamber.

3. The spiderless gyratory crusher as defined in claim 1 wherein said means for conveying said fluid lubricant lfrom the annular fluid chamber to the axis of said step bearing assembly comprises a fluid passageway through the body of said crusher post extending from said annular fluid chamber into said step bearing assembly.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,079,882 5/1937 Traylor 241-211 X 2,448,936 9/1948 Van Zandt 241--2l5 2,908,448 10/1959 MacLeod 241-215 3,133,707 5/1964 Zimmerman 241-213 X FOREIGN PATENTS 770,261 3/ 1957 Great Britain.

ANDREW R. JUHASZ, Primary Examiner.

FRANK T. YOST, Assistant Examiner.

U.S. C1. X.R. 241-216 

